Northern England - Michelin Regional Map 502: Map (Michelin Regional Maps, 502)

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a b "Manchester Climate Information (Region: England N tab)". Met Office. Archived from the original on 16 March 2017 . Retrieved 16 March 2017. Labour leader calls for unity at Durham Miners' Gala". BBC News. 9 July 2016. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016 . Retrieved 21 March 2017. Stanfield, Ted (30 November 2016). "How the north of England impacted style". Dazed. Archived from the original on 1 December 2016 . Retrieved 9 March 2017. Corrigan, Phil (20 November 2015). "Big Issue: Alastair Campbell asks is Stoke-on-Trent in the Midlands or the North?". Stoke Sentinel. Archived from the original on 21 November 2015 . Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Collin, Joe (9 August 2013). "The London newspaper bias: half of "national" news is about the south east". New Statesman. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. a b Olatunde, Olugbenga (4 November 2015). "Life Expectancy at Birth and at Age 65 by Local Areas in England and Wales: 2012 to 2014". Office of National Statistics. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017 . Retrieved 14 March 2017. Mangan, Lucy (2 September 2015). "Whatever happened to the Great British Battleaxe?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 August 2016 . Retrieved 9 March 2017. The public sector is a major employer in Northern England. Between 2000 and 2008, the majority of new jobs created in Northern England were for the government and its suppliers and contractors. [161] All three Northern regions have public sector employment above the national average, and North East has the highest level in England with 20.2% of the workforce in the public sector as of 2016 – down from 23.4% a decade earlier. [162] [163] The austerity programme under the government of David Cameron saw significant cuts to public services, and the reduction in public sector employment resulted in job losses for around 3% of the Northern England workforce with significant impact on the regional economy. [161] Agriculture and fisheries [ edit ] Sheep, such as these Teeswaters, are a major part of Northern English agriculture. a b "DC2210EWr - Main language by proficiency in English (regional)". NOMIS. Office for National Statistics . Retrieved 13 March 2017.Fulton, Kane (4 November 2015). "Can the North of England rival London's Tech City?" . Retrieved 12 March 2017.

The first Trades Union Congress was held in Manchester in 1868, [286] and as of 2015 trade union membership in Northern England remained higher than in Southern England, although it is lower than in the other Home Nations. [287] Since the Thatcher era, the Conservative Party struggled to gain support in the area. [19] [118] [288] Today, Northern England is generally described as a stronghold of the Labour Party – although the Conservatives hold some rural seats, they traditionally held almost no urban seats and as of the 2021 local elections there are no Conservative councillors on Liverpool City Council, Manchester City Council or Newcastle City Council, and only one on Sheffield City Council. [19] During the 2019 general election, many traditionally Labour constituencies in Northern England swung heavily towards the Conservatives, and the collapse of the " red wall" of Northern Labour seats was a major factor in the Conservative victory. [289] Historically the region was also a heartland for the Liberals, and between the 1980s and the 2010s their successors in the Liberal Democrats benefited from Conservative unpopularity by positioning themselves as the centrist alternative to Labour in the North. [290] [291] Bounds, Andrew; Tighe, Chris (22 July 2016). "Funding concerns for UK's northern business after Brexit vote". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 7 May 2017 . Retrieved 12 March 2017.

OS Landranger

Blenkinsop, Tom. "ICL Boulby Potash Mine". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol.622. United Kingdom: House of Commons. col.131. Hitchens, Christopher (August 2012). "The Importance of Being Orwell". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 26 November 2016 . Retrieved 3 March 2017. Davidson, Alan (2006), The Oxford Companion to Food, Oxford University Press, p.703, ISBN 978-0-19-280681-9

There is a significant attainment gap between Northern and Southern schools, and pupils in the three regions are less likely than the national average to achieve five higher-tier GCSEs, [139] although this may be down to economic disadvantages faced by Northern pupils rather than an actual difference in school quality. [140] Northern students are under-represented at Oxbridge, where three times as many places go to Southerners as to Northerners, and other Southern universities while Southerners are under-represented at leading Northern universities such as Sheffield, Manchester and Leeds. [141] Due to the educational attainment and university admission disparities between north and south, there are calls for the government to invest in education in disadvantaged parts of Northern England to redress this. [142] Economy [ edit ] With urban regeneration, high-value service sector industries such as corporate services and financial services have taken root in Northern England, with major hubs around Leeds and Manchester. [177] Call centres – attracted by low labour costs and a preference for Northern English accents among the public – have replaced heavy industry as major employers of unskilled workers, with more than 5% of workers in all Northern England regions working in one. [181] [182] High-tech and research [ edit ] Housing crisis in northern England". BBC News. 18 July 2002. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015 . Retrieved 13 March 2017.

A Proud Sporting Tradition

Faulconbridge, Guy (8 August 2018). "In England's forgotten "rust belt", voters show little sign of Brexit regret". Reuters. Not to be confused with the town of Watford on the northern edge of London, which is used to define the North only in London-centric jokes. [10]

Historic England. "Rudston Monolith (79482)". Research records (formerly PastScape) . Retrieved 16 May 2017. Bronze Age boat "oldest in Europe" ". BBC News. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007 . Retrieved 18 March 2015. The census question on religion has been criticised by the British Humanist Association as leading, and other surveys of religion tend to find very different results. [130] The 2015 British Election Survey found 52% of Northerners identified as Christian (22% Anglican, 14% non-denominational Christian, 12% Roman Catholic, 2% Methodist, and 2% other Christian denominations), 40% as non-religious, 5% as Muslim, 1% as Hindu and 1% as Jewish. [131] Health [ edit ] Life expectancy at birth for boys in 2012-2014 by local authority district in England and Wales. Lighter colours indicate longer life expectancy.

Eat, Drink, Celebrate!

Lass, Roger (1994). Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion. Vol.12. Cambridge University Press. p.187.